4 – Publication, Distribution, Etc., Area

 

4B4.

 

APPLICATION

 

Early cartographic materials

 

Transcribe any prepositions appearing before the name of the principal place of publication, as well as accompanying words or phrases associated with the name. (Rare 4B2 mod.)

 

In Venetia

 

A Anvers

 

À Paris

 

 

4B6.

 

APPLICATION

 

Early cartographic materials

 

            Indicate in the note area the source of supplied publication, etc., data. When details about the publication, etc., are speculative, give them, along with any explanation, in the note area.

 

 

 

Early cartographic materials

4B7.  A publisher statement may refer to one or more publishers, distributors, booksellers, or printers. (2.16A)

 

APPLICATION

 

If the item lacks a publisher statement, give the details of the printer, bookseller-printer, or bookseller as a publisher statement if it appears that this person acted as publisher, seller, or distributor of the item.

 

: Sold by Mathew Cary

 

: Printed and sold by Philip Overton and Thomas Bowles

 

 

4C1. [Place of publication, distribution, etc.]

 

APPLICATION

 

Early cartographic materials

 

When the name of the place of publication appears in more than one language or script, give the statement in the language or script of the title proper, or if that criterion does not apply, give the statement that appears first. Use the mark of omission for statements omitted. Give the parallel statements in a note, if desired. (Rare 4B13)

 

APPLICATION 2

 

If the place of publication appears only as part of another area and is recorded there, or appears only as part of the publisher statement and is recorded there, add, in square brackets, the place of publication as the first element of the publication, distribution, etc., area. Use the English form of the name if there is one. (Rare 4B8 mod.)

 

[Breslau] : Bye Caspar Closemann, Buchhandlem in Bresslaw zubefinden

 

 

4C6.

 

APPLICATION

 

Early cartographic materials

 

If no place of publication is given in the source, supply, in square brackets, as the place of publication the location of the most prominently indicated entity (publisher, distributor, or printer) or that of the first mentioned one. If there is doubt about prominence, prefer the location of the printer for 15th- or early 16th-century publications, otherwise that of the publisher or distributor. If the name of the place has changed over time, supply the name appropriate to the date of the publication if possible (e.g., St. Petersburg not Leningrad for works published there before 1914). Provide a justification for the supplied place in a note (see 7B9) if considered important. (Rare 4B10 mod.)

 

[Cambridge, Mass.] : Printed by Samuel Green, 1668

Note: The printer, Samuel Green, was located in Cambridge, Mass., from 1660-1672

 

Supply the name of the place of publication in English, in square brackets, when only an address or sign appears in the publication. Record the address or sign within the publisher statement (see 4D8). Give a justification in the note area (see 7B9) if considered important. (Rare 4B11 mod.)

 

[London] : Sold at his shop on the west-side of the Royal Exchange, [1685]

 

 

Early cartographic materials

 

4C9. Transcribe the place of publication, etc., as it is found in the item. It may include the name(s) of publishers, printers, etc. Supply the modern name of the place if it is considered necessary for identification. (2.16B)

 

Augustae Treverorum [Trier]

 

 

4D2. [Name of publisher, distributor, etc.]

 

APPLICATION

 

Early cartographic materials

 

            Give parallel statements in a note, if desired. (Rare 4C11 mod.)

 

 

4D4.

 

APPLICATION 2

 

Early cartographic materials

 

Before the 19th century, the functions of engraver, printer, publisher, and seller were not easily separable into neat divisions. More often than not, one individual performed two or three functions, or even all of these functions.  (Karrow 3.404 mod.)

In cases where there are two or more statements relating to publication, distribution, etc., choose the name to be recorded as publisher according to the following priorities:

 

a)   statements including the phrases “published by” or “printed for”

b)   other formal publication, distribution, etc., statements for publisher (or if lacking, the engraver or printer)

c)    statement about the person or firm for whom or under whose auspices the cartographic item was made (sponsor)  (Karrow 3.410 mod.)

 

The publisher statement may include names of publishers, distributors, booksellers, and printers, together with associated information concerning places of activity and statements of printing and reprinting.

Information about the holder of copyright, indicated by phrases such as “entered according to the Act by ...,” or by formal copyright statements using the word “copyright” or the copyright symbol may be recorded in a note (see 7B9).

 

 

Early cartographic materials

 

4D8. Give the rest of the details relating to the publisher, etc., as they are given in the item. Separate the parts of a complex publisher, etc., statement only if they are presented separately in the item. If the publisher, etc., statement includes the name of a printer, give it here. Omit words in the publisher, etc., statement that do not aid in the identification of the item and do not indicate the role of the publisher, etc. Indicate omissions by the mark of omission. (2.16D)

 

London : R. Barker

 

London : Printed for the author and sold by J. Roberts

 

London : Imprinted ... by Robt. Barber ... and by the assigns of John Bill

 

Birmingham : Printed by John Baskerville for R. and J. Dodsley ...

 

Paris : Chez Testu, imprimeur-libraire

 

Paris : Ex officina Ascensiana : Impendio Joannis Parvi

 

APPLICATION

 

Generally omit addresses and qualifications such as “printer to the King”. Addresses may be given, if they aid in identifying or dating the publication.

If a statement such as “privately printed” appears on the title page, record it as, or as part of, the publisher statement. (Rare 4C2 mod.)

 

: Chez les auteurs, Quay de l’Horloge du Palais : Chez Boudet, rue St. Jacques

 

: Nella stamperia di Vitale Mascardi

 

: Nyon l’ainé

 

: Vendit in eius ædib. in suburb

 

: Chez Henry de Leth à l’ensigne de pécheur

 

: Chez Jean Cóvens & Corneille Mortier

 

: Sold by J. Newbery

 

: Made & sold by J. & W. Cary

 

: Printed for C. Browne

 

: Engrav’d and sold by John Senex

 

: Sold by the proprietors S. Harding ... and W.H. Toms

(Address omitted)

 

 

APPLICATION 2

If the place of publication appears within the publisher statement, transcribe it as part of the publisher statement, even though it is also recorded in square brackets as the first element of the area (see 4C1 APPLICATION 1). (Rare 4C3 mod.)

 

[London] : Sold by T. Richardson in London

 

[Breslau] : Bey Caspar Closemann, Buchhandlem in Bresslaw zubefinden

 

APPLICATION 3

 

If only the address, sign, or initials of the publisher appears in lieu of the name, transcribe the address, sign, or initials as the publisher statement, even though it is also recorded in square brackets as the first element of the area (see 4C6 APPLICATION). If the identification of the publisher is based on a device, substitute the name of the publisher in square brackets, even if the device includes the publisher’s initials, or spelled-out name.

Make notes (see 7B9) as necessary about the basis for the identification, the source of information used, the presence of the device, etc. (Rare 4C4 mod.)

 

APPLICATION 4

 

If no name, address, or device of a publisher appears in the publication, supply the name of the publisher, if known, in square brackets. If the responsibility of a publisher for a particular publication is uncertain or speculative, either add a question mark to any supplied name or give the information in a note. In the case of a supplied publisher, give supporting evidence in the note area. If no name can be supplied, see 4D5. (Rare 4C8 mod.)

 

[London : C. Dilly & G. Robinson, 1785]

Note: Publication, distribution, etc., information from maps

(Note for an atlas)

 

[Paris : Chez Firmin Didot, 1827]

Notes: Lacks t.p. — Title and publication, distribution, etc., information from LeGear

 

[London : Engraved for John Harrison, ca. 1791]

Note: Publication, distribution, etc., information from maps; varies slightly. Some maps have “Eng. for Harrison’s edition of Rapin” and “For the continuation (after Tindal’s) of Rapin’s History of Engd.”

 

APPLICATION 5

 

If the publisher statement includes more than one publisher in a single source, generally transcribe all the names in the order in which they appear. Separate them with prescribed punctuation only when they are not linked by connecting words or phrases. If it is considered that the names are too numerous and that some may be safely omitted, shorten the publisher statement by omitting all the names after the first. In this case, use the mark of omission, and add after it in square brackets a phrase in English to convey the extent of the omission (e.g., [and 5 others]).

 

Philadelphia : Printed and sold by W. Spotswood ; Boston : Sold also by Joseph Nancrede, 1804

 

A Paris : Chez Le Rouge : Chez Prault : Chez la veuve Robinot : Chez Briasson, [1748?]

 

London : Sold by H. Moll : Thos. Bowles, print and map-seller ... : John Bowles, print and map seller ..., 1726

 

London : Printed for the author and sold by P. Elmsley ... [and 4 others], 1795 [i.e. ca. 1797]

 

London : Printed for William Innys ... [and 17 others], 1752

 

If multiple statements relating to the publisher appear in more than one source, and one of these is the title page, prefer the title page as the source of information. In any case, make notes for any publisher statements not transcribed in the publication, distribution, etc., area. (Rare 4C6 mod.)

 

APPLICATION 6

 

If the publication is issued in more than one physical part and the name or form of name of the publisher changes in the course of publication, transcribe the publisher statement of the first or earliest part and give the publisher statement(s) of the later part(s) in a note (see 7B9). (Rare 4C7 mod.)

 

APPLICATION 7

 

If the name of the publisher does not appear in the item’s publication information, but has already been recorded as part of another area, repeat it in the shortest convenient form within square brackets. If a statement of publication is taken from the item’s publication information, however, do not abridge or expand it because of its repetition or omission of information given elsewhere. (Rare 4C10 mod.)

 

 

4F7. If no date of publication, distribution, etc., copyright date, or date of manufacture appears in an item, supply an approximate date of publication.

 

APPLICATION 2

 

Early cartographic materials

 

Supply the date in square brackets from any source, preferably a reliable bibliography or reference work, if possible. Give the source of a supplied date and any needed explanation in a note (see 7B9). (Rare 4D3 mod.)

 

APPLICATION 3

 

Early cartographic materials

 

If the item is undated, follow 4F7 with the following additions. Give any needed explanation in a note (see 7B9).

 

, [ca. 1580?]                                      probable approximate date

, [not before 1479]                            beginning date

, [not after 1492 Aug. 21]                   terminal date

, [between 1711 and 1749?]               span uncertain

      

       (Rare 4D6 mod.)

 

 

4F8. Dates for multipart items, etc.

 

If the first published issue, iteration, or part is available, give the beginning date followed by a hyphen. If the resource has ceased or is complete and the last published issue, iteration, or part is available, give the ending date, preceded by a hyphen. If the first and last published issues, iterations, or parts are available, give the beginning and ending publication dates, separated by a hyphen. If the publication date is the same for all issues, iterations, or parts, give only that date as the single date. For an updating loose-leaf, supply the date of the last update if considered important.

 

APPLICATION

 

Early cartographic materials

 

In describing a multipart item, follow 4F8. Optionally, give the date of each volume in a note. Such a note is particularly useful when the order of publication dates does not correspond to the order of the volume numeration. (Rare 4D7 mod.)

If parts of an atlas have individual title pages bearing dates that differ from the date pertaining to the whole publication, give these additional dates in a note. If one of these dates is a more accurate reflection of the actual date of publication than the date pertaining to the whole publication, however, give it as a correction as instructed in 4F12. (Rare 4D8 mod.)

 

 

Early cartographic materials

 

4F12. Give the date of publication or printing, including the day and month, as found in the item and add any necessary correction. Add the day and/or month in modern terms. Change roman numerals indicating the year to arabic numerals unless they are misprinted, in which case give the roman numerals and add a correction. Add the date in the modern chronology if this is considered to be necessary.

 

            , 1716

 

, iv Ian 1497

 

, xii Kal. Sept. [21 Aug.] 1473

 

, In vigilia S. Laurentii Martyris [9 Aug.] 1492

 

, iii Mar. 1483 [i.e. 1484]

 

, 1733 

   (Date in book: MDCCXXXIII)

 

, DMLII [i.e. 1552]

 

, an VII 1798

   (On publication: An VII 1798)

 

London : [s.n.], printed in the year 1742

   (Imprint reads: London, printed in the year 1742)

 

Optionally, formalize the date if the statement appearing in the item is very long. (2.16F)

 

, 18 May 1507

(Date in the book: Anno gratiae millesimo quingentesimo septimo die vero decimoctavo Maij)

 

APPLICATION

 

When transcribing the date, include words and phrases (e.g., “printed in the year,” “anno”) as part of this element. If the date is inseparably linked to data transcribed as part of another element or area, transcribe it with the data to which it is linked and repeat it in square brackets here. (Rare 4D1 mod.)

 

Roman numerals. Optionally, if it is considered important to retain the exact statement of the date in the catalogue record, transcribe the date as it appears in roman numerals and add the date in arabic numerals in square brackets.

 

, MDCLVI [1656]

 

Chronograms. If the date appears only in the form of a chronogram, give it in arabic numerals enclosed in square brackets and give the chronogram in the note area if desired.

 

, [1740]

   Note: Date of publication derived from chronogram: Ipso anno tertIo saeCVLarI typographIae DIVIno aVXILIo a gerManIs InVentae

 

To read chronograms, add up the values of each letter; the total equals the year. In the above example the roman numerals are: I I C V L I I D I V I V X I L I M I I V. The arabic equivalent is 1, 1, 100, 5, 50, 1, 1, 500, 1, 5, 1, 5, 10, 1, 50, 1, 1000, 1, 1, 5. When added the total is 1740.

 

Corrections. If a date of printing from the title page has been recorded as the date element of the publication, distribution, etc., area and evidence for a later date of publication appears in a source other than the title page, record the later date as a correction. If necessary, make a note (see 7B9) to clarify that the date added as a correction is a differing date of publication, not a correction of an error on the title page.

 

, 1703 [i.e. 1730]

 

, 1786 [i.e. 1788]

   Note: On title page: 1786; in colophon: reprinted in 1788

 

Non-Christian-era dates, Roman-style dates, etc. For dates of the following types, add the equivalent date(s) in modern chronology, in square brackets if necessary:

dates not of the Christian era

Roman-style dates

dates in terms other than those of the calendar month.

 

When adding dates in modern chronology, use the sequence day, month, year.

 

, shenat 627 [1866 or 1867]

 

, an 7 [1798 or 1799]

 

, prid. Kal. Dec. [30 Nov.] 1488

 

, die visitations Beatae Virginis Mariae [2 July] 1487

 

, die natalis Christi [25 Dec.] 1498

 

, xii Kal. Sept. [21 Aug.] 1473

 

, in vigilia S. Laurentii Martyris [9 Aug.] 1492

 

Non-Gregorian and Old Style/New Style dates. When the year of publication or printing is based on a calendar in which the year does not begin on January 1, and the publication is known to have been published in the following year according to the modern calendar, add the later year in square brackets. If the year of publication or printing is known to be an Old Style (i.e., Julian calendar) date that needs to be adjusted, transcribe it and add the adjustment to New Style in square brackets, but without amending the month and day if present. In case of doubt, do not adjust the year.

 

, Id Mart. 1502 [15 Mar. 1503]

 

, 1606 [i.e. 1607]

 

If two consecutive years appear as the publication date, representing both Old and New Styles of dating, transcribe both years, separated by a slash, and add the year according to the modern calendar in square brackets. (Rare 4D2 mod.)

 

, 1690/1 [i.e. 1691]

 

, 1690/1691 [i.e. 1691]

 

 

Early cartographic materials

 

4G5. If the printer is named separately in the item and the printer can clearly be distinguished from the publisher or bookseller, give the place of printing and the name of the printer as instructed in 4G. (2.16H mod.)